Definition

Knowledge distillation is a technique for transferring useful behavior from a larger model to a smaller model.

A common setup involves a large model acting as the teacher and a smaller model acting as the student. The student attempts to reproduce the teacher’s outputs. When the student performs poorly, its internal weights are updated.

The objective is to create a smaller model that retains useful capabilities while requiring fewer computational resources. This can make the resulting model faster and easier to host in production.

Why It Matters

Fine-tuning and distillation help you evaluate model specialization strategies — when it’s worth training a smaller, cheaper model instead of calling a large one for every request.